Nursing Bulletin: Autumn 2022

Introducing key papers and publications that focus mainly on the latest news and issues in the nursing profession. 

The British Journal of Nursing, Nursing Times, British Journal of Healthcare Assistants, Journal of Perioperative Practice and the British Journal of Midwifery are all either available in print within the library or online via your OpenAthens username and password.   
 
Please click on the links below and enter your OpenAthens username and password to download the full text or contact the library at esth.hirsonlibrary@nhs.net  to request the full text. 

Collaboration between universities and nursing placement providers is essential to ensure the well-being of the future nursing workforce 
Abstract: Implications for practice and research:  
Joint initiatives between educational settings and placement providers are required to promote student nurse well-being. Future research must ensure rigorous study design with planned long-term follow-up, to support the development of a robust body of evidence. 
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(3): 92 
 
Predictors of nursing staff’s mental health and the effect of social support on preventing the impact of workplace bullying on mental health 
Abstract: Implications for practice and research:  
The hospital managers/leaders could decrease workplace bullying by implementing an educational programme, increasing social support and changing the organisational policies. Future research can assess the effect of external control personality to evaluate workplace bullying. 
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(3): 98 
 
Poor leaders feed on illusory insecurity 
Abstract: Although I believe that it is important to consider the evidence base of what great leadership looks like, I think that it is equally important to learn from the negative impact of poor leadership. A powerful quote that made me reflect on workplace culture recently came from Robson (2017). She cited US author Tim Ferriss, who stated that, as a teenager, he was advised: ‘You are the average of the five people you most associate with.’ 
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(14): 761 
 
When is criticism constructive? 
Abstract: The giving and taking of constructive criticism are integral components of continuing professional development for Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) registrants. Petress (2000) defined constructive criticism as judgemental feedback given to help its receivers view their professional performance through the eyes of others. 
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(14): 730 
 
Ambitious for change: Research into NMC processes and people's diversity characteristics 
Abstract: This report outlines the findings from research into why some professionals have different experiences of NMC's processes. The report aims to understand why these differences exist and the impact they have on the workforce. The findings highlight opportunities to improve regulatory activities and ensure processes are fair. They also draw attention to how inequalities that cut across the health and social care sector and exist in wider society are contributing to the disparities. 
Source: Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC); 2022 [Freely available online] 
 
Beyond black and white: an inclusive reciprocal mentoring model to promote diversity, engagement and understanding 
Abstract: The NHS is the largest employer of Black, Asian and minority ethnic staff in the UK. However, 15% of staff from these ethnic backgrounds have reported experiencing discrimination at work. This article explores how a programme based on reciprocal mentoring could be an effective means of creating a more inclusive NHS culture, with discussion of a pilot reciprocal mentoring programme that was implemented at Chelsea and Westminster Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust from September 2020 to May 2021. 
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Management 2022; 28(8): 1-5 
 
Multiprofessional workplace learning in advanced practice 
Abstract: Embedding interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP) is a priority in academia and healthcare practice settings globally (Barr et al, 2017). IPECP has been further endorsed by professional and regulatory bodies, for example, the Royal Pharmaceutical Society's (2021) A Competency Framework for all Prescribers has been adopted by professional regulatory bodies including the Nursing and Midwifery Council. 
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(15): 768 
 
Students' experience of the challenges of using assertive communication 
Abstract: Assertive communication is a skill that many nurses, particularly nursing students, find challenging. This article describes the findings of phenomenological study that set out to explore third-year student nurses' experiences of using assertive communication in the clinical setting. A narrative enquiry approach reviewed six reflective written accounts of their experiences. In addition, seven students took part in an in-depth semi-structured group discussion of their clinical experiences. 
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(15): 790-798 
 
An exploration of undergraduate nursing students' experiences of mentorship in an Irish hospital 
Abstract: Mentorship is the support model of choice for nursing practice in Ireland and although it follows a similar approach to that provided thus far in the UK, there is little available evidence about the students' lived experience of mentorship and the extent to which it facilitates their development. This study aimed to explore undergraduate nursing students' experiences of mentorship in hospital. 
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(15): 812-817 
 
Nurses' recognition and response to unsafe practice by their peers: A qualitative descriptive analysis 
Abstract: Unsafe practice is an important issue for the nursing profession however few studies have sought to identify how nurses recognise and respond to unsafe practice. This study aimed to identify the behaviours and cues that registered nurses recognise as indications of unsafe practice, perceived factors that contribute to unsafe practice and action nurses take in response. 
Source: Nurse Education in Practice 2022; 63: 103387 
Contact the library for a copy of this article 
 
A new opportunity for midwives 
Abstract: The NHS Regional clinical leadership fellow scheme is an ideal opportunity for midwives who are looking to develop their careers and build their leadership skills and experience. Three midwives share their experience of being part of the first cohort and what benefits it offers to the profession. 
Source: British Journal of Midwifery 2022; 30(5): 297-298 
 
Coaching and mentoring skills: a complement to the professional midwifery advocate role 
Abstract: In March 2021, the A-EQUIP professional midwifery advocate model was adopted and has been critical in supporting midwives during the pandemic recovery process. The author offers a personal reflection on how additional coaching skills which she acquired complemented the professional midwifery advocate role and made a positive impact on student midwives and midwives who have accessed the service. 
Source: British Journal of Midwifery 2022; 30(5): 290-296 
 
How many practice hours are required to become a registered nurse? 
Abstract: Globally, the number of nurse vacancies is high, and there has been much scrutiny of the preparation of the nursing workforce. The World Health Organization (2020) has called for an acceleration of nurse education to meet future demands. In the UK, nursing is at a critical juncture. Post-pandemic attrition rates are high and, despite ambitious government targets, recruitment is unable to meet demand. 
Source:  British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(17): 908-909 
 
An audit of sharps injuries in clinical skills simulation wards at a UK university 
Abstract: This audit identified that nursing students are at the highest risk of both sharps injuries and general injuries across three university clinical skills simulation wards, followed by medical students. Sharps injuries can have a substantial psychological impact on students, so injury prevention strategies are imperative. These strategies should link to adherence to health and safety policies and procedures in relation to the safe use of sharps. 
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Management 2022; 28(9): 253-259 
 
Peak leaving? A spotlight on nurse leaver rates in the UK 
Abstract: Nursing is the single largest profession in the NHS, but it suffers from substantial staffing shortages. This analysis reflects on the rate at which the health service is losing nurses, and considers the reasons why.  
Source: Nuffield Trust; 2022 [Freely available online] 
 
Whistleblowing disclosures report 2022 
Abstract: This report is part of a co-ordinated effort with seven other regulators to address serious issues that health and care professionals in the UK have raised. The most common themes of the disclosures this year related to patient safety and care, leadership and management, health and safety, and behaviour. 
Source: Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC); 2022 [Freely available online] 
 
Bullying, incivility and disrespect 
Abstract: Bullying and harassment are a significant concern in the NHS. There is a culture of staff bullying in many parts of our NHS, and HCAs and APs are by no means immune to this. The impact of bullying can be felt far and wide, it has the real potential to change people's lives. 
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 2022; 16(9): 392-396 
 
Clinical supervision 
Abstract: Many of you will be working in healthcare organisations where clinical supervision has or is being established on a mandatory or voluntary basis. The purpose of this article is to explain what is meant by clinical supervision, to consider the various ways clinical supervision can be delivered, and the roles and responsibilities of the supervisor and the supervisee. 
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 2022; 16(9): 404-410 
 
Belongingness in undergraduate/pre-licensure nursing students in the clinical learning environment: A scoping review 
Abstract: The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature investigating belongingness in undergraduate/pre-licensure nursing students in the clinical learning environment. The concept of belongingness, which encompasses feelings of acceptance, connection and value alignment, has been tied to positive outcomes in undergraduate/pre-licensure nursing students including increased learning, participation, confidence and professional socialization. 
Source: Nurse Education in Practice 2022; 64: 103422 
Contact the library for a copy of this article 
 
National preceptorship framework for nursing 
Abstract: This publication sets national standards for preceptorship for nurses and establishes a framework for good practice that can be adopted across all regions in England. 
Source: NHS England; 2022 [Freely available online] 

Nursing Bulletin: Summer 2022

Introducing key papers and publications that focus mainly on the latest news and issues in the nursing profession.

Please click on the links below and enter your OpenAthens username and password to download the full text or contact the library at esth.hirsonlibrary@nhs.net  to request the full text.

Student nurses’ experiences participating in a peer mentoring program in clinical placement studies: a metasynthesis

Abstract: The aim of this metasynthesis was to identify, analyze and synthesize the qualitative findings from original research studies addressing student nurses’ experiences with a peer mentoring program in their clinical placements.
Source: Nurse Education in Practice 2022;61: 103328

An alternative way to conceptualise aspects of modern nursing
Abstract: The author describes a different approach to considering the many components of work undertaken by nurses that could help to reduce workforce pressures. Daily, numerous efforts are made to manage nurse staffing levels, with significant time spent mitigating shortfalls to support the safest staffing position possible shift by shift. NHS Improvement (2018) cited steps to support organisations to use best practice for effective staff deployment and workforce planning.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(6): 339

Health inequity in the UK: exploring health inequality and inequity
Abstract: In this article, the first of two, the authors examine the factors that lead to certain groups having poorer health outcomes in the UK. Practice nurses are ideally placed within local communities to have a significant impact on addressing health inequities. However, to achieve this they need to understand the many factors that lead to certain groups having poorer health outcomes.
Source: Practice Nursing 2022; 33(2): 72-76

Practice nurse workforce numbers: are we heading towards a problem?
Abstract: The number of practice nurses in the UK is significantly lower than those working as nurses on a ward. Despite many experienced nurses opting to work a practice nurses, the number of newly qualified nurses choosing practice nursing as their first post is low. Newly qualified nurses, instead, prefer to gain experience in secondary care first, with many not realising practice nurses do not need to have worked in secondary care.
Source: Practice Nursing 2022; 33(4): 155-158

A multidisciplinary learning approach: a narrative review
Abstract: Advanced nursing/clinical practice has emerged worldwide in response to the demands of changing complex healthcare needs and ageing populations, and the need to improve services and outcomes, decrease waiting times and reduce overall healthcare cost. A reduction in medical practitioners' working hours has meant other disciplines have to develop medical skills. Evidence suggests there are global differences in the advanced practice role definition, expectations and scope of practice.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(7): 364-370

The nurse's legal duty to safely delegate tasks and to follow up the outcome
Abstract: The NHS workforce continues to be understaffed and under-resourced with one in 10 nursing posts vacant. Registered nurses delegate tasks to junior colleagues, support workers, students and relatives to help manage their workload and ensure that patients receive timely care. Delegation is encouraged by the Nursing and Midwifery Council as a way of managing workload, but the 2018 Code reminds nurses that the delegation must be safe and that nurses are accountable for their delegation decisions.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(7): 400-401

Daily Insight: Fanciful Fabricant fans the flames
Abstract: Backbench MP Michael Fabricant's claim that nurses “had a quiet drink” after shifts during lockdowns, while commenting on the PM and chancellor’s partygate fines, fanned the flames further among a health service still limping through a pandemic two years after it began. Also: If 12 per cent of midwives leave their jobs in healthcare, as suggested by the most recent Staff Survey results, the impact on the NHS will be devastating. 14 April.
Source: HSJ: Health Service Journal (Daily Insight) 2022; 7032294

What makes for a good nursing handover?
Abstract: This article discusses the part that the nursing handover plays in providing quality care to patients and the smooth running of the shift and clinical area. Following an introduction stating what is meant by a handover, the relevant parts of the Nursing and Midwifery Council code will then be discussed. The importance of good communication as well as delegation will be discussed, before moving on to identify potential issues to achieving a quality nursing handover and ways to overcome these.
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 2022; 16(3): 134-137

Working on the roadmap to ACP
Abstract: For many years, as an employer, I was concerned by the host of roles and levels of practice that surrounded job titles of ‘advanced’ or ‘specialist’. Given the potential risk to both individuals and employers, in a bid to achieve a systematic approach and have access to the apprenticeship levy as one of the routes available for funding, I chaired the Institute for Preceptorships and Technical Education's Advanced Clinical Practice Trailblazer group in 2017/2018.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(8): 461

Commitment and growth: advancing mental health nursing now and for the future
Abstract: This report contains a range of recommendations to develop the mental health nursing workforce. It outlines eight system-wide recommendations addressing issues including career progression and encouraging nurses to remain in the profession. Each set of recommendations is broken down into action points for areas of work - analysing where and how changes can be made, to guide future policy.
Source: Health Education England (HEE); 2022

Targeting personalised leadership factors based on the organisational needs of nurses may cultivate and improve their nursing leadership
Abstract: Implementation programmes to improve nursing leadership should attend to the needs of nursing leaders in their specific organisational contexts. Innovative theoretical frameworks of nursing leadership should be developed to guide interventions and their implementation in a wide range of healthcare settings.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(2): 68

Newly Registered Nursing Associate Guide
Abstract: The RCN's Newly Registered Nursing Associate Guide assists trainee nursing associates in their transition to registered nursing associate. It includes information on standards of proficiency, advice on registration and revalidation, an overview of preceptorship and further ways in which the RCN can support members with advice on appraisals and wellbeing. Registered nursing associates may also find the guide helpful when revalidating.
Source: Royal College of Nursing (RCN); 2022

Inspiring others through compassionate leadership: - the power of partnerships
Abstract: Nursing support workers are at the heart of many care environments, but preconceived ideas lead some to believe, wrongly, that these team members are not also leaders. At the Royal College of Nursing (RCN), the Nursing Support Worker Committee prides itself on growing through and encouraging compassionate leadership.
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 2022; 16(4): 172–174

The experiences and perceptions of newly qualified nurses in the UK: An integrative literature review
Abstract: This integrative review aimed to develop an understanding of the experiences and perceptions of newly qualified nurses in the United Kingdom (UK). In the transitional period following registration, newly qualified nurses may feel socially isolated and overwhelmed by increases in accountability, workplace pressures and the psychological demands of the role. Despite this, the experiences and perceptions of newly qualified nurses remains an under-researched area in the UK.
Source: Nurse Education in Practice 2022; 62: 103338

Handing on the baton: developing early career nurse leaders
Abstract: The Nursing Now Challenge has been designed to continue the Nightingale Challenge, moving forward and passing on the baton of leadership to the next generation of nurses (Nursing Now Challenge, 2022). The Nursing Now Challenge Fellowship (NNCF) is an international programme that aims to build the leadership skills of early career nurses and midwives in Africa and Asia.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(9): 504-505

Progress and Challenge in Delivering Safe and Effective Care 2022
Abstract: This RCN Wales report looks at progress in the implementation of the Nurse Staffing Levels (Wales) Act 2016. It examines the implementation from an all-Wales perspective in each health board, based on publicly available documents, and indicates the challenges ahead.
Source: Royal College of Nursing (RCN); 2022

The NMC Register: annual data report 2021-2022
Abstract: The number of nursing and midwifery professionals registered to practise in the UK has grown to more than 758,000. But the number of people leaving the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) register has also started to rise.
Source: Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC); 2022

Leavers' survey 2022: Why do people leave the NMC register?
Abstract: A total of 27,133 professionals left the NMC register in 2021–2022. That’s 13 percent more than the year before, and starts to reverse a downward trend in leavers over the recent years. Many said their main reasons included too much pressure, and poor workplace culture. And more than a third of respondents said the Covid-19 pandemic influenced their decision to leave.
Source: Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC); 2022

Openness and honesty when things go wrong: the professional duty of candour
Abstract: This guidance on the professional duty of candour was produced in collaboration with the General Medical Council and has been refreshed in March 2022. It focuses not only on the duty to be open and honest with patients but also on the need to be open and honest within organisations in reporting adverse incidents or near misses that may have led to harm.
Source: Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) & General Medical Council (GMC); 2022

Employment Survey Report 2021: Workforce diversity and employment experiences
Abstract: The second report from the RCN's annual employment survey focuses on four major themes: working hours and patterns; experience of workplace abuse; bullying and harassment, and career progression. Black and Asian nurses overlooked for promotion due to structural racism, the research reveals.
Source: Royal College of Nursing (RCN); 2022

It's never easy to leave our comfort zone
Abstract: As we move through the post-pandemic phase of nursing leadership, I am prioritising plans for ward and matron leadership development. I have consequently been considering role models who have influenced me: I have once again watched one of my favourite role models, Brian Dolan, talking about leadership on YouTube (Dolan, 2015).
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(11): 603

Where next for NHS nurses' pay?
Abstract: This analysis looks at the impact of high inflation and other factors affecting nurse pay, assessing the potential implications for the 2022 NHS Pay Review Body recommendations on nurses' earnings. Secondly, the Health Foundation consider the extent to which the current pay determination system could be improved to meet NHS nurse workforce priorities.
Source: The Health Foundation; 2022

Giving nurses a voice through 'listening to staff' conversations to inform nurse retention and reduce turnover
Abstract: Health and social care employers in the UK cannot afford to lose nurses given the current nursing workforce crisis. A variety of staff engagement initiatives aim to improve employee retention. This article describes how Listening to Staff (L2S) events were used as part of a service review to inform nurse retention strategies in one acute hospital trust. Over a 3-year period, 576 nurses took part in L2S events that examined nurses' perspectives of teamworking and support.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(12): 632-638

Collaboration between universities and nursing placement providers is essential to ensure the well-being of the future nursing workforce
Abstract: Implications for practice and research
Joint initiatives between educational settings and placement providers are required to promote student nurse well-being. Future research must ensure rigorous study design with planned long-term follow-up, to support the development of a robust body of evidence.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(3): 92

Predictors of nursing staff's mental health and the effect of social support on preventing the impact of workplace bullying on mental health
Abstract: Implications for practice and research
The hospital managers/leaders could decrease workplace bullying by implementing an educational programme, increasing social support and changing the organisational policies. Future research can assess the effect of external control personality to evaluate workplace bullying.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(3): 98

How to unlock nurse leadership potential
Abstract: The NHS has received multiple leadership reviews in the past decade. Time after time, leadership and culture are cited to be at the heart of how a service or a whole organisation performs and how it is viewed. In October last year, the government commissioned a review into leadership across health and social care, led by Sir Gordon Messenger and supported by Dame Linda Pollard. It focused on the best ways to strengthen leadership and management across health and social care in England.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(13): 723

Learning from the professional midwifery advocate role to revise clinical supervision in nursing
Abstract: In 2017, midwifery reformed its supervision model, with the change from supervisors of midwives to professional midwifery advocates. This new model links continuous quality improvement, staff wellbeing, patient experience and education to improve care. This article discusses the potential advantages of this model over the current nursing clinical supervision approach.
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Management 2022; 28(7): 196-200

Staff burn-out has implications for organisational and patient outcomes: would an open culture of support with structures in place prevent burn-out?
Abstract: Implications for practice and research:
Supporting a culture of staff well-being will have benefits on organisational and patient outcomes.
Further research is required using a consistent theoretical/measurement approach to investigate the long-term effects of organisational and personal interventions to prevent burn-out.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(3): 99

What are the barriers to nurses reporting incidents?
Abstract: Implications for practice and research:
Reporting incidents in health care is considered a strategy to assess, prevent and reduce the occurrence of incidents. Due to the effects of barriers and facilitators on incident reporting, a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis are required.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(3): 97

Nursing and midwifery retention self-assessment tool
Abstract: This tool enables organisations to undertake a self- assessment against the seven elements of the NHS people promise plus key elements that support staff to deliver high quality care, enhancing job satisfaction and supporting the retention of nurses and midwives. Organisations are encouraged to use the information gathered in the dashboard to develop and implement their local evidence-based retention improvement plans.
Source: NHS England; 2022

Retaining our nursing and midwifery colleagues
Abstract: In this letter Professor Em Wilkinson-Brice and Dame Ruth May, DBE set out the principles and high impact actions which will support the retention of nurses and midwives.
Source: NHS England; 2022

Nursing Bulletin: Spring 2022

Introducing key papers and publications that focus mainly on the latest news and issues in the nursing profession.

The British Journal of Nursing, Nursing Times, British Journal of Healthcare Assistants, Journal of Perioperative Practice and the British Journal of Midwifery are all either available in print within the library or online via your OpenAthens username and password. 

Please click on the links below and enter your OpenAthens username and password to download the full text or contact the library at esth.hirsonlibrary@nhs.net  to request the full text.

The 'new' NHS: opportunity or threat for advanced clinical practice?
Abstract: Article discusses the implications of the Health and Care Bill 2021 for advanced clinical practice and professional regulation.
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Management 2021; 27(12): 1-5

Identifying and exploring resistance to the registered nursing associate role
Abstract: Article discusses factors that affect cohesion and acceptance of new roles in the healthcare workplace, in the context of the registered nursing associate role.
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Management 2021; 27(12): 1-6

Factors contributing to patient safety culture: the staff perspective
Abstract: Across all studies, staff highlighted several factors that need improvement to facilitate an effective patient safety culture, with most dimensions of patient safety culture lacking. In particular, staffing levels, open communication, feedback following an error and reporting of adverse events were perceived as lacking across the studies.
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Management 2021; 27(12): 1-6

Nurses’ pay over the long term: what next?
Abstract: This report looks at long-term trends in pay for UK nurses since the establishment of the NHS Pay Review Body in 1983 to the present day. The report underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive NHS workforce strategy which acknowledges pay as a powerful driver of nurse motivation and retention, and places nurse pay at the front and centre of policies to support the NHS’s post-COVID recovery.
Source: The Health Foundation; 2021 [Freely available online]

Professional nurse advocate A-EQUIP model: a model of clinical supervision for nurses, Version 1, 15 November 2021
Abstract: This document describes the professional nurse advocate (PNA) role and the A-EQUIP (Advocating and Educating for QUality ImProvement) model of professional nursing leadership and clinical supervision, and provides guidance on their implementation, including key actions for each relevant group.
Source: NHS England and NHS Improvement; 2021 [Freely available online]

Reflecting on the trainee nurse associate role uptake and impact
Abstract: I was pleased to receive the final research report from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), and King's College London following their survey work into the nursing associate (NA) role (Kessler et al, 2021). The research has been evaluating the role, concentrating on its deployment, use, management and impact, with the methodology including two surveys of nurse directors in NHS trusts, two NHS trust case studies, and a series of interviews with experts from health and social care.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(1): 57

A nurse's perspective on the impact of coronavirus on health and the economy
Abstract: There have been many infectious diseases that have spread to become pandemics throughout history, from the Black Death of the 1300s, through the cholera epidemics of the 1800s to the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918-1919 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2019; Piret and Boivin, 2021). This article is my reflection on the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a formidable phenomenon, brought on by a virus unaffected by socio-economic status.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(1): 46-49

Returning safely to work after long COVID
Abstract: An estimated 1.1 million people living in private households in the UK (1.7% of the population) were experiencing self-reported ‘long COVID’ (symptoms persisting for more than four weeks after the first suspected coronavirus (COVID-19) infection that were not explained by something else), as of 5 September 2021, up from 970 000 as of 1 August 2021, reflecting increased COVID-19 infection rates in July 2021 (Office for National Statistics (ONS), 2021).
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 2022; 16(1): 50-50

Psychological impact of caring during the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV nurses
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a set of unprecedented challenges for healthcare services and staff. The authors conducted a national online survey of nurses employed to work in HIV services in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland to establish how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the professional quality of life of HIV nurses.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(1): S10-S15

Community innovations for people living with HIV during COVID-19
Abstract: This article is based on a presentation given at a recent conference of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (ANAC), held in Washington, DC in the USA, during November 2021. It outlines some of the community-led innovations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights how crucial these were to maintain the health and wellbeing of people living with or affected by HIV.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(1): S23-S25

Impact of full personal protective equipment on alertness of healthcare workers: a prospective study
Abstract: This study demonstrates that being in full personal protective equipment (FPPE) for as little as 2.5 hours can adversely affect healthcare workers alertness. The findings of this study are relevant in terms of workforce environment considerations as the use of FPPE in certain settings is likely to become a regular feature.
Source: BMJ Open Quality 2022; 11(1): doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001551

Effectiveness of Quality Improvement Coaching on Process Outcomes in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review
Abstract: QI coaching interventions may affect certain processes of care activities such as ordering of labs and vital signs. Future research that advances the identification of when QI coaching is most beneficial for health care teams seeking to implement improvement processes in pursuit of high-quality care will support efficient use of QI resources.
Source: Journal of General Internal Medicine 2022; doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-07217-2
Contact the library for a copy of this article

Solving the problem of IV dislodgement
Abstract: Most patients in hospital will have some form of intravenous (IV) catheter in situ at some time to facilitate the administration of IV therapy. Accidental dislodgement, although widespread, is often unrecognised as a contributor to IV catheter failure. Dislodgement usually contributes to the delay in the administration of treatment, time-consuming IV restarts and a potential need for more invasive procedures.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(2): S4-S7

COVID vaccines: then and now
Abstract: As we start a new year, I wanted to write about an area of forward-looking practice development, maybe the new national nursing research strategy, or developments in nurse education or patient experience—but it is very difficult to get any headspace to consider much other than the continued response to COVID-19. This includes the impact of workforce absence, our aims to recover the elective care pathway, or our response to the urgent care pathway and patient flow constraints.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(2): 105

International nurses and midwives require individualised support for successful transition to work in the UK
Abstract: International nurses and midwives (INM) require support to adapt socially, culturally and professionally to work in the UK.
Further primary research is required to understand the interventions that most successfully support transition of INM to working in the UK.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(1): 32

Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant Black and minority ethnic women admitted to hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK
Abstract: Providers managing obstetric patients will need to identify prevalent risk factors in minorities with SARS-CoV-2 and the outcomes.
This study can be used to launch a correlational study to investigate the relationship between health disparities and the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Black minority obstetric patient.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2022; 25(1): 36

50,000 Nurses Programme: delivery update
Abstract: In 2019, the government committed to increasing the numbers of registered nurses in the NHS in England by 50,000 by the end of the Parliament. This update sets out more detail about the programme.
Source: Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC); 2022 [Freely available online]

Staffing for Safe and Effective Care: State of the nation’s labour nursing market 2022
Abstract: This report examines nursing workforce data from January 2020 through the COVID-19 pandemic, to the present day. In the past two years, the complex external context has only highlighted and exacerbated existing, long-standing issues with health and care workforce supply and retention in the UK. This document sets out the nursing workforce picture in the UK – as far as the limited and inconsistent data allows.
Source: Royal College of Nursing (RCN); 2022 [Freely available online]

Team working part 9: dealing with frustration
Abstract: I trained as a State Registered Nurse (SRN), which shows how many years ago that was! But I still remember my first day on duty as a student nurse on a surgical ward. I was put under the guidance of a wonderful nursing auxiliary, Margaret, who taught me so much about caring for people who were ill and also about teamwork.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(4): 256

Nursing in the 21st century: results of a pilot survey on attitudes towards nurses and nursing
Abstract: Nursing is one of the most trusted professions, yet it is poorly defined. There are many definitions and characterisations of nursing. This study sought to pilot a survey exploring the views of nursing in the 21st century. The study piloted an electronic survey with open and closed questions.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(4): 230-238

The long-arm approach to placement supervision and assessment
Abstract: Since the 2018 implementation of the Standards for Student Supervision and Assessment, pre-registration nursing education placement providers require health and/or social care registrants to supervise and assess students on practice placements (Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC), 2018). These regulatory changes are in line with recent moves to develop integrated care systems and place-based care: an approach that emphasises the need for fewer referrals into statutory health services.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(4): 247

Start spreading the word …
Abstract: Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, considers how best to start a movement to benefit the patient experience, such as the #CallMe movement, which encourages staff to use patients' preferred names. Over the past two years, COVID-19 has rightly dominated our time. I am now so looking forward to concentrating on our professional quality and experience agenda. Among several areas that I am focusing on is improving patient experience through effective nursing leadership. 

Source: British Journal of Nursing 2022; 31(5): 297

Nursing Bulletin: Autumn 2021

Introducing key papers and publications that focus mainly on the latest news and issues in the nursing profession.

The British Journal of Nursing, Nursing Times, British Journal of Healthcare Assistants, Journal of Perioperative Practice and the British Journal of Midwifery are all either available in print within the library or online via your OpenAthens username and password. 

Please click on the links below and enter your OpenAthens username and password to download the full text or contact the library at esth.hirsonlibrary@nhs.net  to request the full text.

Evidence-based strategies to promote vaccine acceptance
Abstract: Key Points: Herd immunity through vaccination depends upon high levels of vaccine uptake; Vaccination promotion should focus upon the unvaccinated and under-vaccinated populations; Understanding the information need is an important first step; Information should be clear, concise and targeted at the audience individual; Barriers to vaccine uptake should be minimised.
Source: British Journal of Community Nursing 2021; 26(7): 338-343
 
Rising to the challenge: a COVID-19 vaccination service for the housebound population
Abstract: Key Points: Setting up a home vaccination programme for housebound patients can prove challenging, especially in times when community nursing services are already overstretched; The team involved in such a programme needs to include clinicians, as well as administrative staff, to manage the logistics; It is important to appropriately identify patients eligible to receive home vaccination, and certain groups of people can be difficult to identify, such as those with learning disabilities.
Source: British Journal of Community Nursing 2021; 26(7): 328-333
 
Importance of palliative care
Abstract: The CW+'s Neonatal Palliative Care Project has developed from a partnership between Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and The True Colours Trust. The London-based project began in 2015 and was formally evaluated in 2020, with the key recommendation of consolidating the learning and progress from this pilot project to ensure a sustainable roll-out of this activity across all Operational Delivery Networks in England and the devolved nations.
Source: British Journal of Midwifery 2021; 29(7): 414–415
 
The impact of Brexit and COVID-19 on nursing in the UK
Abstract: Over the years, many experts have stated that nursing in the UK is in crisis and nurses are struggling owing to the increasing number of older and sicker patients, staff shortages and budget cuts that have affected working conditions (Beech et al, 2019). With the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented levels of pressure were placed on an already strained nursing workforce.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(13): 822-823
 
Understanding safety culture
Abstract: One of the areas that I find most challenging now is when a statement is made about the ‘culture’ of a service. Whether this is from a regulator or colleagues, it's a label that sticks, and can be positive or negative. In 2018 the Care Quality Commission (CQC) chief inspector of hospitals, Professor Ted Baker, called for a change in culture within the NHS that he said would reduce the number of patients who experience avoidable harm.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(13): 831
 
What lessons can we take from reverse innovation?
Abstract: For nurses, COVID-19 has radically challenged how they deliver care, with existing resources continually being stretched well beyond normal usage. The result is that innovative approaches are essential to redress shortages, support the continuance of services and maintain patient safety.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(13): 770
 
Model for Improvements in Learning Outcomes (MILO): development of a conceptual model grounded in caritative caring aimed to facilitate undergraduate nursing students’ learning during clinical practice (Part 1)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the development of a caritative caring conceptual model aimed to facilitate undergraduate nursing students’ learning during clinical practice.
Source: Nurse Education in Practice 2021; 55: 103144
 
An integrative review of simulation, senior practicum and readiness for practice
Abstract: Readiness for practice (RFP) is essential as new nurses will practice in a nursing shortage climate, with high acuity patients and complex technology. Nurse educators are challenged to foster readiness for practice. The aim of this integrative review was to explore the impact of simulation and senior practicum on graduating senior nursing students' readiness for practice.
Source: Nurse Education in Practice 2021; 55: 103087
 
Team working part 3: leading a team
Abstract: Take a few minutes to reflect on the team of people you work with: how many people are in your team? Does the team comprise only nurses or do you count allied health professionals, ward assistants, domestics and ancillary staff as team members? Is the nurse with the most experience the person in charge? Do different people have different responsibilities? Who is managerially responsible for the team? Who do people go to when they need clinical advice or support? Is the manager also the leader?
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(14): 872
 
Nurses are not heroes
Abstract: Over the course of this pandemic, nurses across the globe have been celebrated and honoured as ‘heroes’ in mainstream and social media because of their selfless dedication to serve and protect their patients from the novel coronavirus. However, this characterisation is problematic as it distracts attention from the enduring social issues affecting the profession.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(14): 838
 
Opportunity, support and understanding: the experience of four early trainee nursing associates
Abstract: Conclusion: This study adds to our understanding relating to the lived experience of some of the first TNAs taking up training for this role within healthcare, and highlights some of the factors that were most pertinent, according to the lived experience of the trainees themselves. The authors hope that the findings of this study will prove useful for those considering taking up training for the role, or indeed establishments considering implementing the role with their settings.
Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 2021; 15(6): 284–291
 
NHS trusts must continue to tackle racism
Abstract: Although the latest report on workforce equality shows positive changes, some improvements are marginal and the issue must be kept high on the agenda.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(15): 941
 
Student experiences of a return to practice programme: a qualitative study
Abstract: Nurses, midwives and other health professionals who return to practice come from a range of backgrounds and return for a variety of reasons. This qualitative study focused on the experiences of nursing, midwifery and allied health students undertaking a return to practice programme at a higher education institute. It interpreted the perceptions of the student experience of returning to clinical practice following a lapse in professional registration.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(15): 900-908
 
What support do nurses and midwives qualifying in the age of Covid-19 need? Insights from UNISON members 2021
Abstract: This report finds that more than two-thirds (70 per cent) of students or newly qualified nurses and midwives believe they have missed out on important learning experiences during Covid. The findings also show more than half (56 per cent) of final year students worry they’re not as prepared for qualification as they should be. The report calls for the government and NHS leaders to give greater support to the newly qualified health staff.
Source: UNISON; 2021
 
Experiences of maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic in the North of England
Abstract: During 2020, UK maternity services made changes to service delivery in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore service users' and their partners' experiences of maternity services in the North of England during the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents (n=606) completed a co-produced survey during August 2020. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.
Source: British Journal of Midwifery 2021; 29(9): 516–523
 
The effect of COVID-19 on intrapartum care: a case review from early in the pandemic
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a marked impact on maternity services in the UK. Those who are pregnant are identified as a higher risk population and there have been significant changes in the structure of antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care. This case of interest explores a moderate case of SARS-CoV-2 during the intrapartum period in the early stages of the pandemic which was managed by a multidisciplinary approach.
Source: British Journal of Midwifery 2021; 29(9): 532–535

Team working part 4: managing a team
Abstract: A positive, well-managed team can help turn a difficult and demanding job into one that is supportive and rewarding. Over the years, I have worked for nurses who were good leaders, but poor managers and also for nurses who were good managers, but poor leaders. I've also worked for some who were both good managers and good leaders, although they were in the minority.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(16): 988
 
Whistleblowing disclosures report 2021: healthcare professional regulators
Abstract: The report highlights the collaborative efforts of eight regulators (General Chiropractic Council, General Dental Council, General Medical Council, General Optical Council, General Osteopathic Council, General Pharmaceutical Council, The Health and Care Professions Council and the Nursing and Midwifery Council) to address serious issues that health and care professionals have raised in UK workplaces. Around a third of NMC disclosures made during this year were related to the pandemic.
Source: Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC); 2021
 
Return on investment of overseas nurse recruitment: lessons for the NHS: Briefing
Abstract: There are some 342,300 nurses working in NHS hospital and community health services, and 23,900 working in general practice. Yet vacancies are widespread: there were 39,000 full-time equivalent nurse vacancies by mid-2021, representing a 10% vacancy rate. The equivalent figure for doctors is 7%. This new research, commissioned by NHS England and NHS Improvement, explores the business case for overseas nurse recruitment, quantifying the various costs and how long recruits stay in post.
Source: Nuffield Trust; 2021
 
COVID-19: reflections on its impact on nursing
Abstract: There will come a time when we speak of COVID-19 in the past tense; when it will be subject to retrospective analysis and debate, rather than being something we continue to live through. However, the pandemic’s repercussions will be felt for years to come in society, in healthcare and in nursing. As a profession, there has never been a more important time to demonstrate resilience, to adapt to the changed context of care and to highlight nurses’ skills, knowledge and expertise.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2021; 24(4): 112-113
 
Registered nurses require increased time allocation and improved placement support measures to enhance student nurse placement learning experiences
Abstract: Registered nurses require time to deliver high-quality experiential learning and where possible; this should be reflected in clinical practice workload allocation.
Future research should develop enhanced strategies to improve support provision for registered nurses involved in teaching, supervising, mentoring and assessing nursing students in practice.
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing 2021; 24(4): 138
 
Addressing the practice learning and placement capacity conundrum
Abstract: Placement expansion is a national strategic priority. Meeting the Government's intention of delivering 50 000 extra nurses for the NHS and achieving the growth in placement capacity required for this (Department of Health and Social Care, 2020), against a backdrop of disruption to clinical and education services, and buoyant recruitment to healthcare programmes, can feel a challenge. But it is one that has coincided with a time of significant opportunity.
Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(18): 1093

Nursing Bulletin: Summer 2021

Introducing key papers and publications that focus mainly on the latest news and issues in the nursing profession.

The British Journal of Nursing, Nursing Times, British Journal of Healthcare Assistants, Journal of Perioperative Practice and the British Journal of Midwifery are all either available in print within the library or online via your OpenAthens username and password. 

Please click on the links below and enter your OpenAthens username and password to download the full text or contact the library at esth.hirsonlibrary@nhs.net  to request the full text.

Reducing variations in clinical nurse educator roles: a service improvement project standardising roles and career pathways

Abstract: There is limited research evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of clinical nurse educator roles in clinical practice. UK employers tend to use generic nursing job profiles, although the definition, expectations and implementation of nurse educator roles are interpreted differently between employers. This project intended to reduce variation and standardise job titles, job descriptions and job plans for CNEs and identify the academic requirements and professional experience required.

Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(12): 747-752.

Team working part 2: Team meetings

Abstract: The author explores the pitfalls of meetings, and how to make the most of them. This series is exploring a number of the very practical aspects of ‘team work’ and one of the most important principles of working together is: team meetings. Take a few moments to recall how many different types of team meetings you have attended over the past month. Almost certainly the one common to all clinical nurses is the daily patient update and handover at the beginning and end of a shift.

Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(12): 762.

The effect of mandala colouring on anxiety in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mandala colouring on the anxiety of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The results of this study show that 30 min of mandala colouring daily is an effective strategy for reducing anxiety in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Mandala colouring can complement routine treatment and provides a non-pharmaceutical option for decreasing patient anxiety.

Source: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 2021; Early view.

Why all nurses play a critical role in population screening

Abstract: Population screening is an important public health initiative that saves thousands of lives each year. Screening services are often poorly understood by non-public health professionals and the public. In addition, because screening programmes help to protect us from developing health issues later down the line, they often do not receive the recognition they deserve for the harm that they prevent.

Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(12): 753-755.

Quality improvement project: An online discussion forum for the support of nurse preceptors orienting newly hired nurses

Abstract: Highlights: Online discussion forum developed to support and educate nurse preceptors; A structured learning activity in an online discussion forum promotes deep learning; Nurses involved in online forum felt support and planned to continue to participate.

Source: Nurse Education in Practice 21; 53(103076):https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103076.

It's time to change the way we work

Abstract: Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, reflects on how the pandemic has changed work practices and suggests that refocusing priorities can not only improve staff wellbeing but also productivity and competition.

Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(11): 687.

Evaluation of a personal professional mentor scheme for newly qualified nurses

Abstract: Newly qualified nurses are known to experience a range of feelings and fears in the first transitional 12 months post-qualifying, with absence and turnover among potential outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the personal professional mentor role and scheme, a new pastoral support initiative, from the perspective of participating newly qualified nurses.

Source: British Journal of Nursing 2021; 30(11): 672–676.

Flexible rostering in nursing student clinical placements: A qualitative study of student and staff perceptions of the impact on learning and student experience

Abstract: This study explored whether a flexible rostering system for nursing students during their clinical placements enhanced their experience and contributed to a positive learning environment. In England, attrition from nursing programmes is an enduring issue, often related to student experience of clinical placements. Students juggle caring responsibilities, academic assessment and additional part-time jobs to mitigate financial hardship, while they are undertaking the clinical placement aspect.

Source: Nurse Education in Practice 2021; 54: 103096.

Evidence-based strategies to promote vaccine acceptance

Abstract: The success of a vaccination programme depends upon its coverage so that it provides herd immunity. Vaccine hesitancy has the potential to undermine a vaccine programme. Evidence suggests that some strategies are more effective in promoting vaccination uptake. Community nurses should help in the promotion of vaccination uptake using evidence-based interventions and through ‘Making Every Contact Count’.

Source: British Journal of Community Nursing 2021; 26(7): epub

Community specialist practitioner's role in enhancing interprofessional collaboration

Abstract: Communication failures not only fail the patient but also the multidisciplinary team involved in patient care in the community. All nurses are expected to have good communication skills, but advanced skills in coaching, teaching and collaborating are expected of the community specialist practitioner (CSP). The skill of communication is intricate, influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, affecting the ability of both the sender and receiver to understand the messages sent and received. Communication should be tailored to the individual to enhance the dialogue. The CSP is best placed, together with the patient, to align the priorities of each contributor to the patient's health to enhance person-centred care. Enhanced communication skills used in conjunction with emotional intelligence can improve interprofessional collaboration, which, in turn, increases the quality of care.

Source: British Journal of Community Nursing 26(7): epub

Opportunity, support and understanding: the experience of four early trainee nursing associates

Abstract: Aims: This study aimed to capture the lived experience of some of the first trainee nursing associates (TNAs) during the pilot of the role in the January 2017 cohort of TNAs, based at the University of Derby.

Methods: A convenience sampling approach was used to recruit participants to this phenomenological study. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were carried out with four participants to capture the experience, as lived by the first cohort of TNAs. Transcripts were transcribed verbatim and were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis.

Results: Analysis suggests that the participant experience was characterised by six themes, namely: challenges relating to NA training; developing new skills; opportunity; the importance of support; impact of the NA role; and understanding the NA role.

Conclusion: This study adds to our understanding relating to the lived experience of some of the first TNAs taking up training for this role within healthcare, and highlights some of the factors that were most pertinent, according to the lived experience of the trainees themselves. The authors hope that the findings of this study will prove useful for those considering taking up training for the role, or indeed establishments considering implementing the role with their settings.

Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 15(6): epub

The expansion of the HCA role: introducing the ‘doctors' assistant’

Abstract: The role for healthcare assistants (HCAs) is ever-expanding. There are senior healthcare assistant roles, nursing associate roles, roles in phlebotomy or the labs to move across to if preferred, and there is a developing role, being trialled by East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, of the doctors' assistant. It is an exciting development that may interest many HCAs.

Source: British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 15(6): epub

An exploratory study into the teaching of clinical examination skills in advanced practice

Abstract: Clinical examination skills are vital for the accurate assessment and diagnosis of patients. These skills also allow clinicians to differentiate between pathology requiring investigation or treatment and normal anatomy or physiology. This allows clinicians to avoid unnecessary tests and to be able to reassure a patient that their symptoms do not require treatment. However, an incomplete or faulty clinical examination can lead to missed diagnoses and patient harm. Although comprehensive clinical examination skills training is provided in the undergraduate curriculum of medical schools in the UK, little is known in relation to the teaching provided for nurses and allied health professions working in advanced practice roles. This survey sought to explore this phenomenon and uncover clinicians' experiences with regard to being taught a selection of specific clinical examination skills in theory and in practice, those skills being the core system examinations (respiratory, cardiovascular and peripheral vascular, abdominal, central and peripheral nervous systems) and a number of focused examinations (digital rectal and examination, thyroid, breast and genital examination for males and females). The findings demonstrate a concerning variability of educational experiences and a lack of educational coverage of some of the basic clinical examination skills in both theoretical and practical terms. These findings provide an insight into areas of future higher education curricula development as well as workplace mentoring and learning.

Source:  British Journal of Nursing 30(12): epub

Redeployment during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for a clinical research workforce

Abstract: Background: Health professionals are considered a group vulnerable to developing mental health symptoms during a pandemic, with redeployment being a risk factor. However, previous literature suggests workplace communication can be a protective element.

Aims: An audit aimed to evaluate NHS research staff's experiences of redeployment in order to provide suggestions for future improvements in the process.

Methods: A questionnaire was disseminated to all staff in the clinical research directorate of an NHS trust. Responses were analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings: Over half the redeployed staff experienced perceived negative psychological outcomes. The main reported contributor to this was perceived lack of communication.

Conclusion: Communication needs to be improved in future redeployments. Future research should consider a larger cohort and more input from team members who remained on the pre-COVID-19 studies in order to improve the transition back from redeployment.

Source: British Journal of Nursing 30(12): epub

Relationships between the components of nurse managers’ transformational leadership and organisational learning subprocesses in a hospital ward: A cross-sectional study

Abstract: Aims: To investigate the association between the five components of nurse managers' transformational leadership and each process of organisational learning in a hospital ward.

Background: Elucidating the components of nurse managers' transformational leadership that promote organisational learning is needed.

Methods: In 2018, 591 self-report questionnaires from two hospitals in Japan were analysed, using the measurement scale for Organizational Learning Subprocesses and Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Hierarchical linear modelling was conducted using the wards’ mean scores of five components of transformational leadership and five subprocesses of organisational learning.

Results: None of the transformational leadership components were significantly associated with information acquisition, but all five were significantly positively associated with information distribution and information integration. Only some of the five components showed a significant association with information interpretation and organisational memory.

Conclusion: Transformational leadership may be effective to promote the four organisational learning processes other than information acquisition.

Source: Journal of Nursing Management 2021; 29(4): 672-680

Influence of nurse managers' toxic leadership behaviours on nurse-reported adverse events and quality of care

Abstract: Aim: To assess the impact of toxic leadership behaviours among nurse managers on nurse-reported adverse events and quality of care.

Background: Toxic leadership, a form of ineffective leadership, is increasingly becoming rampant in the field of nursing and has been strongly linked to poor nurse job outcomes including job dissatisfaction, higher stress levels, and increased turnover intention. To date, no studies have been conducted to examine how this type of leadership behaviours affects patient outcomes and care quality.

Methods: A multicentre, cross-sectional study. This study involved a sample of 1,053 registered nurses working in 20 hospitals in the Philippines. Three standardized scales were deployed, including the Toxic Leadership Behaviors of Nurse Managers Scale, the Adverse Patient Events Scale and the single-item quality-of-care-measure.

Results: Overall, nurses (96.2%) appraised the quality of care of their respective units as ‘good to excellent’ and cited complaints from patients and their families as the most commonly reported adverse events. Toxic leadership behaviours in nurse managers were strongly associated with increased nurse-reported adverse events including reports of complaints (β = .619; p < .001) and verbal mistreatment from patients and their families (β = .407; p < .001), patient falls (β = .834; p < .001), health care–associated infections (β = .629; p < .001) and errors in administering medication (β = .708; p < .001) and with decreased quality of care (β = −.216; p < .001).

Conclusion: Nurses who experience working under a nurse manager exhibiting toxic behaviours reported an increased frequency of nurse-reported adverse events and poorer quality of care in the unit.

Source: Journal of Nursing Management 2021; 29(4): 855-863